What Exactly Is Layering?

Has anyone ever advised you to “layer up like an onion” for an outdoor activity? While it may sound strange, “layering up” is the way to go if you want to be neither hot nor cold! In fact, the so-called “multi-layer system” consists of wearing several layers of clothing to ensure that you’re comfortable regardless of the weather. 

What this means is that rather than wearing a single layer of thickness like a large coat, you wear (or bring along in a backpack) several articles of clothing so that you can peel off individual layers if you’re too hot, or add a layer or two if it’s colder. We love this system in the fall and the spring, when the temperature tends to rise during the day before dropping again at nightfall. It can also be super practical when you’re doing a more intense winter activity that causes your body temperature to vary considerably, such as cross-country skiing or hiking.

Don’t know how to go about choosing your layers (or skin!)? We’ve got you covered! And there’s no need to worry if you can’t find it all at home, because you can improvise with what you have!

Layer #1 or Base layer

This is the layer you put on first, the one that covers your skin. We’re talking about “long johns” or “thermal ski underwear”. This first layer must be thin enough and must keep you dry, even when you’re sweating. Ideally, opt in favour of a base layer made of polyester (like a sports shirt) or merino wool.

Layer #2 or Middle layer

This second layer is meant to retain the hot air that your body produces when you’re in movement. The middle layer is the one you can remove if you’re too hot. We suggest a polyester or cotton fleece, or a small, insulated jacket (preferably a crewneck so you don’t have to worry about your hood getting soaked in the rain). When choosing your fabric, err in favour of fleece, polyester or down. 

Layer #3 or Outer layer

Finally, you need a coat that protects you in bad weather in the form of rain, snow and wind. Ideally, choose waterproof and windbreaking fabric that also breathes, and opt for a model with a hood to keep your head dry.

Case scenario: 

You leave the house with all your three layers of clothing! The activity increases in intensity, and before you know it, you’re too hot and it’s started raining. What do you do? 

You “peel off” the second layer and put it in your backpack: problem solved! 

When to add or remove layers 

The best time to remove a layer? When you feel yourself starting to overheat. Often, this sensation occurs rapidly, literally five minutes after the start of your activity! So, shed a layer before you start to sweat. 
The best time to add a layer? When you’re cold! It’s as simple as that. The longer you wait, the more energy you’ll expend trying to get warm again.